![]() Twenty-seven goats were separated into 3 groups: sham (no overload), continuous (continuous systolic overload), and intermittent (four 12-hour periods of systolic overload paired with a 12-hour resting period). This study compared G6PD activity in 2 protocols of right ventricle (RV) systolic overload in young goats. Increased myocardial glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) activity occurs in heart failure. All survivors are asymptomatic.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) ![]() Including operative mortality, the 1-year actuarial survival probability after conversion was 80% (70% confidence limits, 62% and 92%). The early mortality for switch conversion was 2 of 16 (12.5% 70% confidence limits, 4% and 27%), with one late death 12 months after operation. In total, therefore, 16 patients have had an arterial switch with atrial reconstruction. Twelve patients have thus far gone on to switch conversion 13 days to 5 years (mean, 26 months) after banding. There was one band-related operative death. The other 20 patients underwent 34 procedures to place or tighten a pulmonary artery band to prepare the left ventricle to tolerate systemic pressure. The fourth patient was too sick to undergo banding, and he required left ventricular assist device support after switch conversion. In 3 of these patients the initial left ventricular pressure was high. Four patients underwent direct conversion to arterial switch, with one operative death. The mean interval from atrial switch to right ventricular failure was 7 years. ![]() ![]() The primary diagnoses were transposition of the great arteries with ventricular septal defect (n = 10), transposition of the great arteries with intact ventricular septum (n = 5), Taussig-Bing anomaly (n = 4), and atrioventricular and ventriculoarterial discordance (n = 5). Since 1981, 24 such patients have entered a program to achieve conversion to arterial switch. Late failure of the systemic right ventricle is seen in up to 10% of patients after atrial switch for transposition of the great arteries and in patients with atrioventricular and ventriculoarterial discordance. ![]()
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